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| UL is not needed to sell to utilities in the USA. I have been designing and selling to this market since 1985. UL is not written into any IOU (investor owned utility) specs. Conformance to ANSI C136 standards is required.
UL or ETL or CSA is needed to sell to retail, commercial or industrial market. Needed in the DOT market. Helpful in the municipal streetlight market UL products are not required for insurance companies to process claims. Nor does the use of UL listed products protect against liability. UL is a private company. Its use is not required by and Federal, state or local laws. |
Multiple Cups/Chip on Board ( MCOB ) LED Lighting technology
As we know, most of COB encapsulation technologies, including the one of Japan, are based on the encapsulation of the aluminum base, which assemble some chips to be encapsulated on the aluminum base. This is what we call the COB technology. The substrate of the aluminum is copper foil, which can only well conduct electric but it can't process optical processing very well.
led lightingMCOB LED Light technology, quite distinct from the traditional technology
•puts the chips in the optical cups according to optics.
•It aims to make not only one cup, but many cups. It derives from a simple principle,
•i.e., the light of LED is from the chip itself, which means we need many angles to let out more light.
•The light efficacy can be improved if we have more light exits. In any cases, the light efficacy of low poweres chips can be at least 15% higher than high poweres chips.
•The reason is that the chips of high power are bigger and they only have four light exits.
•However, we can have as many as sixteen small chips on a board and 4*16 light exits.
For this reason
MCOB is not only a cup, the purpose of many cups in MCOB is higher light efficacy.
Just because of many cups, comparing with the ordinary COB tech, products adopting MCOB tech have much higher light efficacy.